Computational Fluid Dynamics

The determination of minimum possible drag on a sphere ensuring surface temperature remains below a threshold temperature using computational fluid dynamics.

This report contains the theoretical and experimental findings of the minimum possible drag on a sphere without exceeding a maximum surface temperature. Empirical calculations have been formed to find a theoretical value for the minimum air velocity and minimum drag on the sphere using known values and published equations. The procedure of using computational fluid dynamics to form a model simulation is then descripted with full detail of parameters and justifications as to why decisions were made to form the simulation. The CFD is used to find an experimental value for the minimum air velocity and minimum drag of the sphere, as well as used to compare the theoretical values against the simulation. The results of all values are provided alongside graphs and contours demonstrating the residuals, velocity and temperature about the models. Analysis of these figures is included, and a further conclusion is made. The report then goes on to make recommendations on how to improve this project by minimising the drag and lowering the costs financially